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KMID : 0361020230660070433
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Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
2023 Volume.66 No. 7 p.433 ~ p.438
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Acute Low-Tone (Frequency) Hearing Loss
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Lee Ho-Young
Im Gi-Jung
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Abstract
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Acute low-tone hearing loss (ALHL) or acute low-frequency hearing loss is classified as asubset of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. The patients with ALHL tend to com-plain of ear fullness, tinnitus, and low tone hearing changes, rather than severe hearing lossand vertigo. Diagnostic criteria for ALHL comprise a mean hearing loss of at least 30 dB atthree low frequencies (125, 250, and 500 Hz) and a mean hearing loss of 20 dB or less at threehigh frequencies (2, 4, and 8 kHz). ALHL is presumed to be an early stage of Meniere’s dis-ease, because symptoms such as ear fullness, low-tone hearing loss, tinnitus, and occasionalvertigo are similar between the two diseases. Progress of ALHL can be evaluated using puretone audiometry, electro-cochloegraphy, vestibular evoked myogenic potential, and Calorictest. Patients with ALHL recovered from initial hearing loss after diuretics and full dose ofsteroid therapy, and the majority of hearing loss significantly recovered (more than 10 dB re-covery in 83.9% of patients; 62.9%-91.3% recovery rate). The recurrence rate of hearing lossreaches 50% over 5 years, and the transition to Meniere’s disease also reaches 15.6% (10%-24%). A low-sodium diet and plant-based diet are recommended in parallel with drug treat-ment. ALHL can be a common type of metabolic disease in modern civilization, and addi-tional research will be needed.
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KEYWORD
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Audiometry, Cochlear implants, Hearing, Hearing loss
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